CIRCULAR

QCVN 01:2021/BXD, NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON CONSTRUCTION PLANNING

Pursuant to Law on Standards and Technical regulations dated June 29, 2006;

Pursuant to Decree No. 74/2018/ND-CP dated May 16, 2018 of Government on amendment to Law on Technical Standards and Regulations and Decree No. 78/2018/ND-CP dated May 16, 2018 of the Government on amendment to Decree No. 127/2007/ND-CP;

Pursuant to Decree No. 81/2017/ND-CP dated July 17, 2017 of the Government on functions, tasks, powers, and organizational structure of the Ministry of Construction;

At request of Director General of Department of Science Technology and Environment,

Minister of Construction promulgates Circular on National Technical Regulations on construction planning.

Article 1. Attached to this Circular are the National Technical Regulations on “Construction planning”, No. QCVN 01:2021/BXD.

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Article 3. Ministries, ministerial agencies, Governmental agencies, People’s Committees of provinces and central-affiliated cities and relevant organizations, individuals are responsible for the implementation of this Circular./.

PP. MINISTER
DEPUTY MINISTER




Le Quang Hung

QCVN 01:2021/BXD

NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON CONSTRUCTION PLANNING

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 General provisions

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1.2 Regulated entities

1.3 Reference documents

1.4 Definitions

1.5 General requirements

2 Technical regulations

2.1 Civil land requirements

2.2 Residence-related unit requirements

2.3 Requirements for service – public structures

2.4 Tree planting land requirements

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2.6 Requirements for scenery, urban design and building layout in new development areas

2.7 Spatial and land use requirements for available spaces in urban areas

2.8 Requirements for ground elevation and surface water discharge

2.9 Traffic requirements

2.10 Requirements for water supply

2.11 Requirements for water drainage and wastewater treatment

2.12 Requirements for collection, transportation and treatment of solid wastes

2.13 Requirements for funeral parlors, cemeteries and crematoriums

2.14 Requirements for power supply

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2.16 Requirements for construction planning in rural areas

3. Regulations on management

4. Responsibilities of organizations and individuals

5. Organization for implementation

Preface

The QCVN 01:2021/BXD is prepared by the National Institute for Construction Planning in Rural Areas, approved by the Department of Science Technology and Environment, appraised by the Ministry of Science and Technology and issued by the Ministry of Construction under Circular No. 01/2021/TT-BXD dated May 19, 2021 of Minister of Construction.

QCVN 01:2021/BXD replaces QCVN 01:2019/BXD attached to Circular No. 22/2019/TT-BXD dated December 31, 2019 of Minister of Construction.

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1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1 Scope

These Regulations prescribe limitation of technical regulations and compulsory management requirements in construction planning in district areas, interdistrict areas, urban planning and rural planning (hereinafter referred to as “urban – rural planning”) including preparation, appraisal, approval, revision of planning, organization of planning and use as the basis for development of national standards and local standards in urban - rural planning. Regarding construction planning for functional areas, in addition to provisions under these Regulations, comply with relevant regulations.

1.2 Regulated entities

These Regulations apply to organizations and individuals related to planning activities under Section 1.1.

1.3 Reference documents

Reference documents below are necessary for adoption of these regulations. If the referred documents are revised or replaced, the latest version shall prevail.

QCVN 01-1:2018/BYT, National Technical Regulations on quality of water for daily activities.

QCVN 01:2020/BCT, National Technical Regulation on design requirements for petrol filling stations;

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QCVN 04:2021/BXD, National Technical Regulations on apartment buildings;

QCVN 06:2021/BXD, National Technical Regulations on fire safety for houses and work items;

QCVN 07:2016/BXD, National Technical Regulation on technical infrastructural constructions;

QCVN 09:2017/BXD, National Technical Regulations on energy efficient buildings;

QCVN 10:2014/BXD, National Technical Regulations on construction for access of the disabled to buildings and facilities;

QCVN 17:2018/BXD, National Technical Regulations on construction and installation of outdoor advertisement methods;

QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT, National Technical Regulations on Noise and Vibration;

QCVN 33:2011/BTTTT, National Technical Regulations on installation of telecommunication cables;

QCVN QTD 8:2010/BXD, National Technical Regulations on electrical engineering;

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1.4 Definitions

In this Regulation, terms below are construed as follows:

1.4.1 Construction planning

Refers to spatial organization of urban areas, rural areas and functional areas; organization of technical infrastructure and social infrastructure systems; creation of appropriate environment for inhabitants to live in territories while ensuring harmony between national interest with public interest and satisfying socio-economic, national defense and security, environmental protection and climate change adaptation development goals. Construction planning shall be displayed via construction planning schemes consisting of graphs, drawings, models and explanation.

NOTE: Construction planning consists of planning categories specified under Law on amendment to 37 laws related to planning.

1.4.2 Urban planning:

Refers to spatial, structural, urban scenery, technical infrastructure, social infrastructure, and housing organization to create favorable living conditions for urban inhabitants. Urban planning shall be expressed via urban planning schemes.

1.4.3 Functional areas

Consist of economic zones, industrial parks, export-processing zones, hi-tech zones; tourism areas; research and training areas; sports areas.

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Refers to an area with high population density whose inhabitants participate in non-agricultural economic sectors, serves as political, administrative, economic, cultural or specialized center to promote socio-economic development of the nation, region or an administrative division, including the center and the outskirts; the center and the outskirts of towns and townlets.

1.4.5 Land for urban construction

Refers to land for construction of urban functions (including urban technical infrastructures) including civil land and non-civil land.

1.4.6 Civil land

Refers to land for construction of structures primarily serving civil purposes, including: land for residence-related units or residential land in urban areas, land of urban public - service structures, public land for planting trees in urban areas, and land for urban technical infrastructure.

1.4.7 Urban development areas

Refer to areas identified for urban development investment in a specific period. Urban development areas consist of: Areas for new urban development, areas for urban expansion, areas for renovation, areas for preservation, areas for urban reformation and areas for specialized functions.

1.4.8 Residence-related units

Refer to fundamental functional urban areas primarily serving residential demands, including: houses; service – public structures; public trees serving daily needs of the general public; traffic roads (from sub-division level to tertiary level) and parking lots for residence-related units.

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Refers to a combination of residential structures that share a common space (garden, playground, parking space serving the residential complex and internal road excluding sub-division roads, etc.).

1.4.10 Land plot

Includes one or many adjoining land patches limited by traffic roads, other natural or artificial boundaries.

1.4.11 Freestanding house

Refers to a house build on a separate land patch under legal use right of organization, household or individual, including villas, semi-detached houses or terraced houses or detached houses.

1.4.12 Apartment buildings

Refers to a building with at least 2 storeys, multiple flats, shared passages and staircases, private property, shared property and infrastructure systems shared by all households, individuals and organizations.

1.4.13 Land for mixed use purposes

Refers to land for construction of houses, multi-purpose structures or different purposes defined in planning schemes.

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Refers to a structure with multiple use purposes.

1.4.15 Land for planting trees in urban areas

Including: land for public trees, limited land for planting trees, and land for specialized tree.

NOTE 1: Land for public trees in urban areas refers to parks, flower beds, and playgrounds and ensures accessibility of the general public;

NOTE 2: Limited land for planting trees refers to land for planting trees in constructions, theme parks under management and use right of organizations and individuals;

NOTE 3: Land for specialized trees refers to land for trees in arboretum, trees for research and trees for isolation.

1.4.16 Land for public trees in residence-related units

Consists of parks, flower beds and playgrounds serving demands and ensuring accessibility of the inhabitants in residence-related units.

1.4.17 Rural residential areas

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1.4.18 Technical infrastructure system

- Traffic system;

- Power supply system (electricity, petroleum, gas, etc.);

- Public lighting system;

- Communication system (telecommunication technical infrastructure);

- Water supply system;

- Water drainage and wastewater treatment system;

- Solid waste management system;

- Public sanitary system;

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- Other technical infrastructure systems.

1.4.19 Social infrastructure system

- Service – public systems: health, education, culture, sports, commerce and other service - public structures;

- Parks, gardens and playgrounds;

- Other social infrastructure systems.

1.4.20 Building density

- Net building density: refers to total area of primary constructions over a land plot (excluding area of outdoor constructions such as decorations, swimming pools, parking lots, parking spaces, sports yards, guard posts, passages heading up, passages heading down, sheltered ventilation mechanisms of basements, and other technical infrastructural constructions).

NOTE: Structural components and architectural details such as: gutters, porticos, canopies, steps, window-sill, bridge passages already complying with fire safety requirements may not be included in total area costs if said structural components and architectural details do not obstruct movement of humans, vehicles, and do not combine with other use purposes.

- Gross building density: refers to land occupancy ratio of primary structures on a land plot (which may include: yards, roads, trees, open spaces and areas where structures are not constructed).

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Refers to the ratio between total floor area of a structure including basement (excluding floor areas serving technical systems, fire prevention and protection, refuge areas, and parking lots of structures) and total plot areas.

1.4.22 Red boundary line

Refers to the boundary identified on planning maps and maps of physical location to determine the border between land patches permitted for construction and land patches for traffic roads or other technical infrastructures, public spaces.

1.4.23 Construction boundary line

Refers to the boundary allowing construction of primary structures on a land plot

1.4.24 Clearance

Refers to the space between red boundary line and construction boundary line.

1.4.25 Height of structure

Refers to the height from ground level of a structure according to approved planning to the highest point thereof (including rooftop access and pitched roof). If a structure has multiple ground levels, the lowest ground level according to approved planning shall prevail.

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1.4.26 Environment separation distance

Refers to the minimum distance from pollutants (or buildings, structures containing pollutants) to meet hygiene, safety and environment requirements.

1.4.27 Safety corridor

Refers to the space with minimum width, length and height travelling along or around technical infrastructure.

1.4.28 Underground urban construction space

Underground construction space consists of: underground public structures, underground traffic structures, underground technical structures and underground sectors of above-ground structures, underground wires, cables and technical pipelines, utility trenches and tunnels.

1.4.29 Technical tunnels

Refers to a linear underground technical infrastructure big enough to allow humans to install, repair and preserve technical equipment and pipelines.

1.4.30 Technical trenches

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1.5 General requirements

1.5.1 Requirements for estimation in planning schemes:

- Estimation regarding population, employment, land, social infrastructure, technical infrastructure and other socio-economic contents must be based on series of figures gathered from the last 5 years and criteria, regulations and restrictions of planning of higher levels. Population estimation must include estimation for permanent residents, temporary residents and other types of inhabitants (outsiders and visitors);

- Estimation must mention natural, environmental accidents, climate change and rising sea level;

- Division planning and detailed planning must conform to and specify estimations of the entire urban areas;

- Estimation results must satisfy the ability to tolerate and satisfy of land, social infrastructures, technical infrastructures and environment.

1.5.2 Requirements for selecting land for construction

- Areas selected for construction must: have economic, societal, infrastructure, environmental, and scenic advantages; have natural conditions allowing constructions and community safety; are not under construction prohibition.

- In case estimated areas are to be affected by rising sea level, selection of land for construction must take into account the impact of rising sea level according to national scenarios;

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1.5.3 Requirements for orientation to spatial organization of regions (districts, interdistricts)

- Sub-divisions in a planning scheme must be proposed based on natural scenery, economic, social, environmental and regional ecological characteristics;

- Classification of sub-divisions must integrate with management measures with the following levels: areas prioritized for constructions (urban areas, residential areas, industrial parks, etc.), areas restricted for constructions (areas for agriculture, forestry, conservation areas, and natural scenery), areas under construction prohibition (quarantine zones, safety areas, areas for protecting heritages, etc.);

- Urban systems in a region must tolerate the ability to be developed, expanded and satisfy environmental requirements and safety for residence. An urban area must enable easy access to other urban areas and rural areas;

- Rural residence areas in a region must satisfy natural conditions, manufacturing professions and settlement form by regions and meet natural disaster prevention requirements;

- Industrial parks must be planned based on potentials and advantages in terms of natural and socio-economic conditions; use land economically, prioritize using uncultivated land and refrain from converting agricultural land, and do not pollute neighboring areas;

- Areas for protection of heritages and natural scenery must preserve integrity of distinct values of the protected natural resources, harness the potentials for economic development and enable management and protection;

- Social infrastructure system (health, education, culture, sports, commerce, service, etc.) and technical infrastructure systems must enable easy use and access by inhabitants in the regions (urban and rural inhabitants).

1.5.4 Requirements for spatial organization in urban areas and functional areas thereof

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- Regarding cities consisting of multiple urban areas, ensure easy connection between central urban areas and other urban areas and functional areas. Ensure maintenance of buffer zones and ecological zones between urban areas;

- Planning must identify borders of urban development areas and restricted (or prohibited) urban development areas; With respect to urban areas expected to be expanded, borders of urban areas must be based on estimations regarding population, land and infrastructures and satisfy requirements for selecting land for construction;

- Urban spaces must: utilize advantages and restrict disadvantages regarding natural conditions; conform to socio-economic conditions and land, infrastructure characteristics of each urban area and region; create safe and thriving living conditions for local inhabitants, maintain, and exercise traditions;

- Land for urban development must be calculated and estimated based on development potentials in each planning phase. Criteria for civil land must be calculated based on characteristics of each urban area in order to use land economically, effectively and protect valuable natural resources;

- Scale of non-civil land must be reasoned and calculated based on practical demands and specialized planning;

- Industrial facilities and storage must be located in safe spots and not cause environmental pollution.

1.5.4.2 Requirements for functional areas, urban sub-divisions and centers

- Urban sub-divisions must be based on distinctive values regarding natural conditions, scenery structures and urban functions in each area;

- Urban sub-divisions must estimate and identify population density for land plot planning in order to serve as the basis for calculating and distributing population under detailed planning and projects. Estimated and identified population must include visitors in residential plots and plots for construction of mixed-use residential constructions including accommodation service providers (if any);

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- Centers for administrative affairs and specialized centers (medical, training, commercial, service, etc.) must be scaled accordingly to use land efficiently;

- Centers for administrative affairs must be situated in locations that reach functional areas of urban areas in the most convenient way possible;

- Situate different functions in an urban center to ensure effective, flexible and convenient use of land.

1.5.5 Requirements for planning for green space and urban land for planting trees

- Green space in urban areas, including natural green spaces (forest, hills, mountains, riverside, lakeside and seaside vegetation) and artificial green spaces (parks, gardens, water bodies, etc.) must be integrated to form a continuous system;

- Natural green spaces must be fully protected; artificial green spaces must be reasonably distributed over the area of plots for urban construction to ensure easy usage;

- Criteria for land for planting trees in the entire urban areas and in each region determined in general planning and sub-division planning must satisfy planning objectives and characteristics of each urban area. Public trees must allow the general public to access easily;

- Prioritize local and regional trees which suit each urban area in order to protect rare trees and valuable old trees. Types of trees in urban areas must guarantee traffic safety, meet natural disaster prevention, not damage constructions both the above-ground and underground sections, not produce toxic substances or attract insects affecting the locals.

1.5.6 Requirements for spatial planning for underground construction

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- Must identify location, scale, direction and level of underground traffic system, utility tunnel and trench systems, utility tank and sewer, areas for constructing public structures, constructing connecting structures for underground technical infrastructures and expected spatial, technical connection;

- Underground structures must be connected in a safe and synchronized manner with each other and with aboveground structures in terms of space and technical infrastructure.

1.5.7 Requirements for planning for technical infrastructure

- Planning for technical infrastructure must meet all requirements of the areas and conform to development estimation of urban areas, rural areas and other functional areas;

- Estimation for technical infrastructure requirements must be based on series of figures on current conditions, projects and areas sharing similar conditions or standards selected for application;

- Planning for technical infrastructure must take into account effects of climate change and rising sea level;

- Planning for common technical infrastructures that share characteristics (direction, location and scale) must identify structures that utilize the same technical infrastructure to ensure consistency and synchronization;

- Traffic structures and technical infrastructures must allow persons with disabilities to access according to the QCVN 10:2014/BXD;

- Install public restrooms on primary streets, public areas (shopping malls, parks, markets, coach stations, squares, bus stations, etc.) and fuel stations on the outskirts of urban areas; Public restrooms must conform to QCVN 07-9:2016/BXD;

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- Planning for telecommunication infrastructures must conform to QCVN 07-8:2016/BXD and QCVN 33:2011/BTTTT.

1.5.8 Requirements for planning for functional areas

Urban areas and rural residence areas in functional areas must conform to these Regulations.

1.5.9 Requirements for ratio of planning schemes

Specifications and requirements for spatial, land and infrastructure management must be identified and displayed accordingly in following maps:

- 1/25 000 map illustrating multi-division roads or equivalent and land plots created by multi-division roads and equivalent;

- 1/10 000 map illustrating primary division roads or equivalent and land plots created by primary division roads and equivalent;

- 1/5 000 map illustrating division roads or equivalent and land plots created by division roads and equivalent;

- 1/2 000 map illustrating sub-division roads and plots created by sub-division roads;

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2. TECHNICAL REGULATIONS

2.1 Civil land requirements

Minimum and maximum requirements for civil land shall be prescribed for each type of urban area and specified under Schedule 2.1. In case planning area is downtown of a special urban area, apply average land criteria for urban area of type I urban areas. For other non-special urban areas, rely on planning orientation to apply criteria.

Schedule 2.1: Average land criteria of urban areas (corresponding to average population density of urban areas/area of civil land)

Type of urban area

Average land (m²/person)

Population density (people/ha)

I - II

45 - 60

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III - IV

50 - 80

200 - 125

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70 - 100

145 - 100

NOTE 1: Criteria under the Schedule above do not include agricultural land and land for division structures situated in civil areas of urban areas;

NOTE 2: In case of specific urban planning, may choose criteria other than the criteria specified in Schedule 2.1 above which requires proof of conformity and must be within range of 45-100 m²/person.

2.2 Residence-related unit requirements

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- Average land for residence-related units in urban areas is prescribed for specific type of urban areas under Schedule 2.2. In case planning area is downtown of a special urban area, apply average land criteria for urban area of type I urban areas. For other non-special urban areas, rely on planning orientation to apply criteria accordingly;

Schedule 2.2: Average land criteria for residence units by type or urban area

Type of urban area

Land for residence-related units (m²/person)

I - II

15-28

III - IV

28-45

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NOTE 1: Criteria under the Schedule above do not include agricultural land attached to residential land, and land for urban-level civil structures or higher situated in residence-related units;

NOTE 2: In case of specific urban planning, may choose criteria other than the criteria specified in Schedule 2.2 above which requires proof of conformity and must be > 15 m²/person.

- Minimum land for public structures in residence-related units is identified as per Schedule 2.4. Public-service structures of residence-related units must ensure accessibility and use of inhabitants of residence-related units;

- Tree planting land for public use in residence-related units must guarantee at least 2 m²/person. Each residence-related unit must have at least one 5 000 m² park and flower bed and allowing inhabitants of the residence-related units (especially the elderly and children) to access as per QCVN 10:2014/BXD. Situate flowerbeds and playgrounds in residence-related units with service area of 300 m or less;

- For projects with population scale equivalent to residence-related units, construction of public-service structures in residence-related units and public trees in residence-related units shall conform to superior planning and regulations on residence-related units;

- For projects with population scale under 4,000 people (or 2,800 people for mountainous urban areas), construction of public-service structures and public trees shall conform to superior planning. In addition, criteria of land for planting trees in project areas must guarantee at least 1 m²/person and preschools sufficient for project areas;

- May include some structures not affiliated with residence-related units in residence-related units. Primary roads of urban areas must not separate residence-related units;

- When planning for multi-purpose land, display land ratio for each purpose;

- Planning for land where multi-purpose structures are constructed must show floor area ratio for each purpose. Planning for multi-purpose structures including residence and accommodation services (if any) must identify population scale for calculation of technical and social infrastructure demands.

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2.3.1 Classification of service – public structures

- Service – public structure systems shall be classified into 3 levels: division level, urban level and residence unit level. Depending on position, scale, and nature of each urban area, planning of urban areas must ensure installation of division level, urban level and residence unit level service – public structures;

- The scale of service – public structures must take into account demands of neighboring areas and visitors.

2.3.2 Regulations on urban level service - public structures

Urban level service - public structures must conform to Schedule 2.3.

Schedule 2.3: Minimum scale of urban level service - public structures

Type of construction

Minimum structure use criteria

Minimum land use criteria

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Criteria

Unit

Criteria

A. Education

1. Upper secondary school

student /1,000 people

40

m²/student

10

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2. General hospital

bed/1,000 people

4

m²/bed

100

C. Culture – Sports

3. Basic sports field

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0.6

ha/structure

1.0

4. Stadium

m²/person

0.8

ha/structure

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5. Cultural – sport center

m²/person

0.8

ha/structure

3.0

6. Cultural house

seat/1,000 people

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ha/structure

0.5

7. Children’s house

seat/1,000 people

2

ha/structure

1.0

D. Commerce

8. Market

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1

ha/structure

1.0

NOTE 1: Situate at least one upper secondary education institution in areas with ≥ 20,000 people;

NOTE 2: Encourage integration of cultural-sports institutions in a single structure or group of structures. Scale of other public-service structures of residence-related units of urban areas (swimming pools, libraries, museums, circuses, theaters, cinemas, etc.) must be calculated on the basis of demand of each urban area.

2.3.3 Regulations on public – service structures in residence-related units

- Public – service structures of residence-related units must have radius of service no greater than 500 m. With respect to areas with complicated terrains and/or low population density, radius of service must not be greater than 1,000 m;

- Public - service structures of residence-related units must conform to Schedule 2.4.

Schedule 2.4: Minimum scale of service - public structures of residence-related units

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Minimum structure use criteria

Minimum land use criteria

Unit

Criteria

Unit

Criteria

A. Education

1. Preschool

student/1,000 people

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m²/student

12

2. Primary school

student /1,000 people

65

m²/student

10

3. Lower secondary school

student /1,000 people

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m²/student

10

B. Health

4. Medical station

station

1

m²/station

500

C. Culture – Sports

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m²/person

0.5

6. Training ground

m²/person

0.5

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0.3

7. Cultural – sport center

structure

1

m²/structure

5 000

D. Commerce

8. Market

structure

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m²/structure

2 000

NOTE 1: Mountainous urban areas, centers of urban areas with limited land fund may adopt criteria of land for cultural – sports centers of 2,500 m²/structure.

NOTE 2: Cultural – sports structures may combine with land for public trees.

2.4 Tree planting land requirements

- Tree planting land for public use in urban areas must guarantee access for all inhabitants. Planning for use of natural tree planting land, lakeside, riverside and seaside vegetation, etc. is required for adding more urban tree planting land;

- Urban areas that have characteristic and valuable scenery (natural river, stream, sea, mountainous, vegetation) require solutions for scenery utilization and preservation planning.

Schedule 2.5: Minimum area of tree planting land for public use in urban areas (excluding tree planting land for public use in residence-related units)

Type of urban area

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Special

7

I and II

6

III and IV

5

V

4

NOTE 1: Area of water surface in parks and flower gardens may be converted to area for tree planting land/person but must not account more than 50% of total quota for tree planting land for public use in urban areas;

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2.5 Requirements for industrial parks, export-processing zones and hi-tech zones

2.5.1 General requirements

- Planning for industrial parks (including industrial complexes), export-processing zones, and hi-tech zones must guarantee environmental protection and safety and minimize negative impact on surrounding environment.

- For manufacturing facilities and storage with toxicity level I or toxicity level II, planning must be performed outside of construction areas of urban areas. Toxicity level and environment separation distance shall conform to regulations of Ministry of Science and Technology and legal documents on environment.

NOTE:

- This case Ministry of Science and Technology or legal documents on environment have not prescribed, may employ environmental impact assessment instrument or consult values under Annex 3 of TCVN 4449 – 1987 in order to identify environment separation distance;

- Civil functional areas (if any) whose planning is affiliated with industrial parks shall be subject to similar regulations applicable to civil areas in urban areas. Planning criteria shall conform to Point 2.1, Point 2.2, Point 2.3, Point 2.4, and Point 2.6.

2.5.2 Environment separation distance

- Ensure environmental separation distance of pollutants in industrial parks, storage facilities and industrial complexes which are manufacturing and storage facilities for toxic materials, products and refuse and auxiliary structures that produce non-civil refuse;

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- Within environmental separation distance, may implement planning for roads, parking lots, electricity supply structures, fences, gates, security posts, wastewater pumping stations, wastewater treatment plants, wastewater treatment stations, solid waste transfer station, solid waste treatment facilities, and other industrial and storage structures;

- Within environmental separation distance, do not install civil structures.

2.5.3 Land use

- Land for construction of industrial parks, export-processing zones and hi-tech zones must be planned depending on industrial and socio-economic development potentials and relevant development strategies of each local government;

- Ratio of land types in industrial parks, export-processing zones, and hi-tech zones depends on form and nature of manufacturing facilities and areas of land plots for construction of manufacturing facilities and storage facilities but must also conform to Schedule 2.6;

- Maximum net building density of land plot for construction of factories and storage facilities is 70%. Maximum net building density of land plots for construction of factories with more than 5 stations for manufacturing is 60%.

Schedule 2.6: Minimum percentage of land for traffic, trees and technical sections in industrial parks, export-processing zones, and hi-tech zones.

Type of land

Percentage (% of the entire area)

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10

Tree

10

Technical section

1

NOTE: Land for traffic and tree in Schedule 2.6 does not include land for traffic and tree within manufacturing facilities.

2.6 Requirements for scenery, urban design, and building layout in new development areas

2.6.1 Minimum distance between individual building, structure, or building complex (hereinafter collectively referred to as “structure”) must be prescribed under specific planning schemes and urban design. Positioning of structures and identifying structure height must be able to minimize negative impact of natural conditions (sun, wind, etc.), create advantages in microclimate condition and ensure compliance with fire prevention regulations. In addition, distance between structures must satisfy following requirements:

2.6.1.1 In case of structures under 46 m in height

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- Distance between a gable of a structure with gables or long side of another structure must be equal or greater than 1/3 structure height but no less than 4m;

- In case multiple structures are constructed in the same plot with space in between, the space between backsides of the structures must be equal or greater than 4m.

2.6.1.2 In case of structures equal or greater than 46 m in height

- Distance between long sides of structures must equal or be greater than 25m;

- Distance between a gable of a structure with a gable or long side of another structure must be equal or greater than 15 m.

2.6.1.3 Distance between structures of different height shall conform to regulations on structures of greater height.

2.6.1.4 With respect to structures with long sides and gables similar in length, whichever side adjoins the biggest road shall be the long side of the structure block.

2.6.2 Clearance of structures

- Clearance of structures adjoining roads (at least division roads) shall be prescribed under specific planning schemes and urban design and must satisfy Schedule 2.7;

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Schedule 2.7: Minimum clearance (m) of structures based on road width (limited by red boundary lines) and structure height

Width of road adjoining land plot for structure construction (m)

Height of structure (m)

< 19

19 ÷< 22

22 ÷< 28

≥ 28

<19

0

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4

6

19÷<22

0

0

3

6

≥22

0

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0

6

2.6.3 Maximum net building density

- Maximum net building density of land plots for construction of freestanding houses shall be specified under Schedule 2.8;

- Maximum net building density of land plots for construction of apartments shall be identified under urban planning and design schemes but must conform to Schedule 2.9 and satisfy requirements for minimum distance between building blocks under 2.6.1 and structure clearance under 2.6.2;

- Maximum net building density of land plots for construction of service – public structures such as education, medical, culture, sports facilities and markets in new construction areas is 40%;

- Maximum net building density of land plots for commerce and services or multi-purposes shall be specified under urban planning and design schemes but must conform to Schedule 2.10 and satisfy requirements for minimum distance between building blocks under Section 2.6.1 and structure clearance Section 2.6.2;

Schedule 2.8: Maximum net building density of land plots for construction of freestanding houses (villas, terraced houses, and detached houses)

Plot area (m²/house)

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100

200

300

500

≥ 1 000

Maximum building density (%)

100

90

70

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50

40

NOTE: Land plot for construction of freestanding houses must ensure that land use coefficient does not exceed 7 times the coefficient.

Schedule 2.9: Maximum net building density of apartments based on plot area and structure height

Height of structure aboveground (m)

Maximum building density (%)based on plot area

≤ 3 000 m²

10 000 m²

18 000 m²

...

...

...

≤ 16

75

65

63

60

19

75

60

58

...

...

...

22

75

57

55

52

25

75

53

51

...

...

...

28

75

50

48

45

31

75

48

46

...

...

...

34

75

46

44

41

37

75

44

42

...

...

...

40

75

43

41

38

43

75

42

40

...

...

...

46

75

41

39

36

>46

75

40

38

...

...

...

NOTE: For land plots with structures taller than 46 m, ensure land use coefficient does not exceed 13 times the value.

Schedule 2.10: Maximum net building density of land plots for commerce and services and land plots for multi-storey multi-purpose buildings based on plot area and structure height

Height of structure aboveground (m)

Maximum building density (%)based on plot area

≤ 3 000 m²

10 000 m²

18 000 m²

≥ 35 000 m²

≤16

...

...

...

70

68

65

19

80

65

63

60

22

...

...

...

62

60

57

25

80

58

56

53

28

...

...

...

55

53

50

31

80

53

51

48

34

...

...

...

51

49

46

37

80

49

47

44

40

...

...

...

48

46

43

43

80

47

45

42

46

...

...

...

46

44

41

>46

80

45

43

40

NOTE: For land plots where structures taller than 46 m are constructed, ensure land use coefficient does not exceed 13 times the value (except for land plots for construction of structures having special requirements for scenery and urban attractions identified under higher planning).

...

...

...

- In case a structure is a combination of multiple structures with varying heights, regulations on maximum building density shall be applied based on average height;

- With respect to a structure consisting of a base and a high tower above, regulations on building density shall be applied to the base and the tower based on respective height in a separate manner as long as shared land use coefficient of both the base and the tower does not exceed 13 times the value.

2.6.4 Gross building density

- Maximum gross building density of residence-related unit is 60%;

- Maximum gross building density of tourist resorts is 25%;

- Maximum gross building density of parks is 5%;

- Maximum gross building density of theme parks is 25%;

- Maximum gross building density of specialized theme greens (including golf courses) and natural environmental protection zones shall be prescribed based on functions and relevant regulations but no more than 5%.

2.6.5 Ratio of land for planting trees in land plots for construction must comply with minimum ratio of land for planting trees under Schedule 2.11.

...

...

...

In plots for structure construction

Minimum percentage of land for planting trees (%)

1- Apartment buildings

20

2 - Education, medical and culture structures

30

3- Factories

20

2.6.6 Dimensions in plots for construction of residential structures

...

...

...

- Plots for construction of residential structures in planning areas for new construction adjoining roads having width of red boundary line less than 19 m shall have front width of residential structures equal or greater than 4 m;

- Maximum length of a plot for construction of a terraced house adjoining a primary road of the division or lower is 60 m.

2.6.7 Regulations on architectural details of structures adjoining roads

- Architectural details of structures shall be prescribed under specific urban planning and design schemes and regulations on architecture management in each division;

- In case construction boundary line overlaps with red boundary line, regulations mentioned above must conform to following rules: Do not obstruct traffic on roads, ensure safety and convenience for walking on sidewalks; do not affect trees, technical infrastructure aboveground and underground; guarantee consistency of scenery; comply with regulations on fire prevention and operation of fire-fighting facilities;

- In case construction boundary line recedes compare to the red boundary line, guarantee following rules: No section or architectural details of the structure can cross the red boundary line; guarantee consistency of scenery; comply with regulations on fire prevention and operation of fire-fighting facilities.

2.6.8 Relationship with neighboring structures

- Architectural details of structures which adjoin neighboring structures shall be prescribed under specific urban planning and design schemes and regulations on architecture management in each division;

- The regulations must conform to following principles: Comply with regulations on fire prevention; Ensure operations in the structures do not affect or impact activities taken place in neighboring structures.

...

...

...

- Ensure safe and clear traffic in entrance and exit sections of structure;

- Gates and fences on either sides of each gate must recede behind the plot’s boundary to create a space with depth that is 4 m from the boundary and width that is 4 times the width of the gates and fences.

2.6.10 Information and advertisement panels must conform to QCVN 17:2018/BXD.

2.6.11 Fixed petrol filling stations

- Plan and assign land fund for fixed petrol filling stations according demands of urban areas; Minimum land area for fixed petrol filling stations shall conform Article 5 of QCVN 01:2020/BCT;

- Location of newly planned fixed petrol filling stations must conform to fire prevention regulations under QCVN 01:2020/BCT. Minimum distance between 2 fixed petrol filling stations is 300 m. Minimum distance from a fixed petrol filling station to regularly crowded places (markets, shopping malls, education institutions, medical facilities, etc.) is 50 m;

- Location of newly planned fixed petrol filling stations must ensure safe and easy access to traffic system. Entrances and exits of newly planned fixed petrol filling stations must be at least 50 m away from areas with obstructed vision and situated outside of safety corridor of bridges, culverts and tunnels. Exits of fixed petrol filling stations leading to division roads or higher must be at least 50 m away from red boundary line of division roads or higher intersecting with roads containing exits of petrol filling stations. Fixed petrol filling stations must designate parking areas for refilling in a manner that does not obstruct traffic in the stations and on the street outside of the stations;

- Currently active fixed petrol filling stations must conform to urban planning, not affect traffic, and have fire prevention measures approved as per the law;

- In addition, work items in petrol filling stations must conform to QCVN 07-6:2016/BXD and QCVN 01:2020/BCT.

...

...

...

- Plan and allocate land fund for gas supply stations and pipelines as per urban demands;

- Do not plan to install gas distributing pipes with pressure more than 7 bar across inner parts of urban areas;

- Planning for gas distributing pipe networks must take into account common use in utility tunnels and trenches;

- In addition, gas supply structures must conform to QCVN 07-6:2016/BXD.

2.6.13 Fire prevention structures

- Situate networks of stations of police forces for firefighting and prevention with service radius of up to 3 km for downtown urban areas and 5 km for other areas. With respect to currently active urban areas that are not covered by service radius of police forces for firefighting and prevention, develop measures, calculate, assign additional land fund or situate additional stations as specified above in new urban projects.

- Location of fire departments must allow fire-fighting facilities and engines to move rapidly and safely;

- Roads serving firefighting must conform to QCVN 06:2021/BXD.

2.7 Spatial and land use requirements for available spaces in urban areas

...

...

...

- Available spaces in urban areas must be identified in general planning and division planning. Planning for available spaces in urban areas must ensure consistency and compatibility in terms of technical and social infrastructure systems with neighboring areas; do not negatively affect and impact current infrastructure systems;

- Land fund for social infrastructure facilities, technical infrastructure facilities and trees must be planned to be increased gradually in order to meet objectives of newly developed areas;

- With respect to downtown areas with technical infrastructure quality not meeting these regulations, urban reformation projects must assess their impacts on technical infrastructures of the areas;

- Figures regarding plot area, building areas, storey elevation, distance between structures, land use coefficient and land repurposing must be identified in specific urban planning and design;

- New roads or renovated roads must have adjoining structures planned and designed in a manner consistent with neighboring structures to guarantee general aesthetic; detail planning and urban design must take into account shape of plots that does not guarantee scenery and safety in order to adjust;

- Structures situated in plots that do not adjoin (newly opened, expanded, current) roads must be planned in order to ensure ventilation, lighting, convenient in terms of traffic, satisfactory to fire safety distance and access to fire-fighting facilities and vehicles to all structures;

- Polluting industrial parks, clusters and facilities must be resettled. Land fund after having been resettled may be repurposed and must be prioritized for installation of missing technical and social infrastructural constructions and trees of the areas;

- Reformation and maintenance of industrial parks, clusters and facilities must conform to regulations on technical infrastructures; ensure environmental friendly, fire safety and urban scenery.

2.7.2 Regulations on regulated entities

...

...

...

- Planning areas on either side of newly constructed roads or renovated roads (for division roads or higher); urban e-development projects with at least 3 ha in scale that take place in active sections of urban areas must conform to Point 2.6;

- Sections identified under higher planning are sections that require only renovation or adjustments to improve aesthetic, architecture, environment quality without increasing population and altering land use purposes; identification of planning and architectural criteria shall rely on approved detail planning and urban design depending on characteristics of each urban area and must satisfy firefighting and environmental safety requirements or conform to regulations from Points 2.7.3 through 2.7.7 below;

- May apply regulations under Sections from 2.7.3 through 2.7.7 below in available locations in urban areas that are defined in planning of higher level and not specified above.

2.7.3 Regulations on land use

- Planning for land use must prioritize land fund for installation of service – public structures, trees, parks and urban technical infrastructure to gradually meet criteria of new urban areas;

- In case of insufficient land fund for installation of service – public structures, may reduce land use quotas under Schedule 2.3 and Schedule 2.4 but no more than 50%. With respect to education and training facilities in particular, ensure compliance with national standards of Ministry of Education and Training;

- May situate preschools on the first and second storey of an apartment building as long as playground area, separate walkways for students, regulations on environmental hygiene safety and fire prevention and specialized regulations of Ministry of Education and Training and Ministry of Health are guaranteed;

- In case land for trees for public use cannot be added to meet the regulations due to current conditions of the areas, specific urban planning and design schemes must propose addition of trees and open spaces in plots and ensure access of inhabitants.

2.7.4 Regulations on service radius of public - service structures

...

...

...

2.7.5 Regulations on structure clearance on roads

In case specific conditions of planning areas do not guarantee sufficient clearance requirements as specified under Schedule 2.7, structure clearance shall be identified under detail planning or urban design as long as consistency in spatial organization on roads or road sections are guaranteed.

2.7.6 Regulations on minimum distance between buildings and structures

In case characteristics of planning areas cannot satisfy minimum clearance distance as per the law, minimum clearance distance between structures is identified under detail planning or urban design while satisfying regulations on firefighting; roads serving fire engines to access structures must be at least 4 m in width; all structures must receive natural ventilation and lighting.

2.7.7 Regulations on net building density

- Net building density shall comply with Section 2.6.3; With respect to plots for freestanding houses no taller than 25 m covering an area of no more than 100 m2, may utilize the maximum density of 100% as long as regulations on clearance and distance between structures under Points 2.7.5 and 2.7.6 are guaranteed;

- In case specific conditions of planning areas do not have sufficient land fund to ensure land use quotas of service – public structures, may increase maximum net building density of service – public structures but no more than 60%;

- With respect to areas that require control of population factor and infrastructure demand, may use land use coefficient quotas instead of building density and storey indicators. Maximum land use coefficient shall be determined under urban planning or design scheme but must satisfy following values under Schedule 2.12 below.

Schedule 2.12: Maximum land use coefficient of plot for multi-storey apartments, urban service structures and multi-purpose structure based on plot area and structure height

...

...

...

Maximum land use coefficient (time) by land plot area

≤ 3 000 m²

10 000 m²

18 000 m²

≥ 35 000 m²

≤16

4.0

3.5

3.4

...

...

...

19

4.8

3.9

3.78

3.6

22

5.6

4.34

4.2

...

...

...

25

6.4

4.64

4.48

4.24

28

7.2

4.95

4.77

...

...

...

31

8.0

5.3

5.1

4.8

34

8.8

5.61

5.39

...

...

...

37

9.6

5.88

5.64

5.28

40

10.4

6.24

5.98

...

...

...

43

11.2

6.58

6.3

5.88

46

12.0

6.9

6.6

...

...

...

>46

12.8

7.2

6.88

6.4

NOTE 1: Area and height of plots not specified under this Schedule shall be deducted from the 2 nearest values.

NOTE 2: For plots for constructing structures with special requirements for scenery identified via higher planning, may consider land use coefficient greater than 13 times as long as calculation must be performed in order to not overload social infrastructure system and urban technical infrastructure.

2.8 Requirements for ground elevation and surface water discharge

2.8.1 Requirements for planning for ground elevation

...

...

...

- Must conform to specialized irrigation planning. Must utilize natural terrain and conditions, limit amount of digging and filling. Must develop solutions to enable ground elevation of new planned areas to not affect the ability to discharge water of available areas;

- Planning for ground elevation must be designed with frequency of estimated inundation-level water is identified based on types of urban areas and function areas thereof according to Schedule 2.13;

- Minimum controlled ground level of construction site must be 0.3 m higher than estimated inundation-level of water for civil land and 0.5 m for industrial land.

Schedule 2.13: Frequency of estimated inundation-level water (m) for functional areas

Functional areas

Type of urban area

Special, type I

Type II, III, IV

Type V

...

...

...

100

50

10

Trees, parks and sports facilities

10

10

2

NOTE 1: Do not apply regulations on controlled ground level to areas and structures designed to contain and regulate rainwater, other structures preventing inundation and flooding, and structures under solutions for living with flood and inundation;

NOTE 2: Areas affected by climate change and rising sea level, controlled ground level must be tested for the ability to respond to national climate change and rising sea level scenarios.

...

...

...

- Planning for surface water discharge system must: ensure capacity and volume of detention basin system for regulating surface water; utilize basin areas to temporarily store rainwater; increase coverage of water absorbent surfaces for traffic structures, yards, technical infrastructure, and other public areas. Available urban areas must retain, renovate, and upgrade current lakes, rivers, and canals to ensure adequate volume for storing and circulating surface water;

- Planning for surface water discharge system in new development areas must not affect the ability to discharge surface water of available areas;

- Planning for surface water discharge system must include minimizing impact of natural disasters (inundation, flood, typhoon, high tide, landslide, etc.), and responding to climate change and rising sea level;

- Newly constructed areas must install separate water drainage system. Areas installed with general water drainage system must upgrade into semi-separate water drainage systems or separate water drainage systems;

- Surface water discharge system must be calculated based on frequency of rain that overflows the sewers. Minimum frequency of rain that overflows the sewers is specified under Schedule 2.14;

- Requirements for collecting rainwater: rainwater discharge system must be installed on every inner urban road and road leading through residential areas in the outskirts;

- In addition, structures within water discharge network must conform to QCVN 07-2:2016/BXD.

Schedule 2.14: Minimum frequency of rain that overflows sewers (year)

Type of water discharge structures

...

...

...

Special, type I

Type II, III, IV

Type V

Canals, channels

10

5

2

Primary sewers

5

...

...

...

1

Branching sewers

1

0.5

0.33

NOTE 1: Frequency of rain that overflows sewers is not used to calculate irrigation drainage canals within administrative boundary of urban areas and rural residence areas.

NOTE 2: When calculating surface water discharge system, take into account the ability to adapt to climate change according to national scenarios.

2.9 Traffic requirements

2.9.1 General requirements

...

...

...

- Traffic network must be clearly classified to ensure coherence, order, safety, and effectiveness;

- Transportation development must conform to planning, modernize, synchronize and connect means of transportation reasonably.

2.9.2 Traffic system

2.9.2.1 Road traffic

- Newly planned expressways, level I and II automobile roads must be situated outside of downtown of urban areas. In case travelling across downtown of urban areas is compulsory, install adequate guardrails and adopt other traffic safety solutions;

- Automobile stations shall be situated in areas with convenient access to downtown of urban areas, stations, ports, markets and residential areas.

2.9.2.2 Railway traffic

- Separation distance from railway structures to other structures must conform to applicable regulations of transportation sector;

- Distance from center line of a railway to the nearest house in an urban area must be ≥ 20 m;

...

...

...

Schedule 2.15: Platform dimension of different types of stations

Type of stations

Track arrangement

Platform length (m)

Platform width (m)

1- Passenger station

...

...

...

≥ 1 000

≥ 200

- Through stations

≥ 1 400

≥ 100

2- Goods stations

...

...

...

≥ 100

3- Technical stations

Continuous

≥ 4 000

≥ 200

Mixed

≥ 2 700

≥ 250

Parallel

...

...

...

≥ 700

4- Mixed stations

Vertical

≥ 1 500

≥ 50

Semi-vertical

≥ 1300

≥ 50

Horizontal

...

...

...

≥ 100

2.9.2.3 Airway traffic

- When preparing planning schemes, scale and area of airports and airfields must be calculated based on aviation standards and standards of International Civil Aviation Organizations;

- Distance from other structures to airports must conform to planning for obstacle clearance height and satisfy noise regulations according to QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT.

2.9.2.4 Water traffic

- Port dimensions must satisfy values under Schedule 2.16.

Schedule 2.16: Regulations on port dimensions

Type of ports

Factors

...

...

...

Seaport

- Pier

≥ 150

- Quay

≥ 300

Inland waterway port

- Public port

≥ 250

- Specialized port

...

...

...

Inland waterway station

- Public station

≥ 100

- Specialized station

≥ 100

2.9.3 Urban traffic system

2.9.3.1 Urban road system

- Urban traffic planning in general planning schemes must predict passenger and cargo transportation demands as well as traffic composition;

- Urban traffic system must ensure rapid and safe connection between functional areas, within regions and between regional, national and international traffic;

...

...

...

- Pavements, walkways, and cycle lanes must conform to QCVN 07-4:2016/BXD;

- Road density and gap between 2 roads must satisfy Schedule 2.17;

- Percentage of traffic land (excluding static traffic) over minimum land for urban construction: 6% after calculating to inter-division roads; 13% after calculating to division roads; 18% after calculating to sub-division roads.

Schedule 2.17: Regulations on urban roads

Road level

Road type

Distance between 2 roads (m)

Road density (km/km²)

Urban road

...

...

...

4 800 - 8 000

0.4 - 0.25

2. Primary urban road

2 400 - 4 000

0.83 - 0.5

3. Secondary urban road

1 200 - 2 000

1.5 - 1.0

4. Inter-division road

...

...

...

3.3 - 2.0

Division road

5. Primary division road

300 - 500

6.5 - 4.0

6. Division road

250 - 300

8.0 - 6.5

Local road

...

...

...

150 - 250

13.3 - 10

8. Residential road

No regulations

No regulations

9. Cycle lanes

10. Walkways

2.9.3.2 Traffic square and junction of urban roads

- Regulations on organizing traffic squares and junctions of urban roads shall conform to QCVN 07-4:2016/BXD;

...

...

...

- In case slip road dimensions cannot be guaranteed in junctions of newly opened roads in available urban areas, may use other substitution technical measures namely: speed bumps, median strips, signs, lights, etc.

2.9.3.3 Public passenger transportation network

- Level III and above urban areas must organize public passenger transportation network. Forms of public transportation include: urban railway, buses, boats (if any);

- Distance between routes of public transportation is at least 600 m and at most 1,200 m (at least 400 m in downtown urban areas). Maximum walking distance from residence, workplace, shopping and recreational avenues, etc. to stations or public stops is 500 m;

- Density of public transportation network depends on urban planning composition and must be at least 2 km/km² of land for urban construction. Distance between stops of public transportation in urban areas is as follows: at most 600 m for bus and electric train stops; at least 800 m for bus rapid transport (BRT), urban railway (subway; ground-level or elevated electric train) stops;

- In junctions of roads where public transports are allowed to operate, install stops to enable passengers to move from one transport to another with walking distance between any 2 stops less than 200 m;

- Bus and electric train stations on primary roads must be at least 20 m away from any junction. Length of one-way stations must be at least 20 m and no shorter than 30 m for multiple-way stations. Width of stations must be as least 3 m.

2.9.3.4 Urban railroad system

- National railway lines and urban railway must be interconnected via a system of stations. Organize crossings of different levels for railways, urban railways, roads and primary roads of urban areas;

...

...

...

- Elevated railway stations must be connected and synchronized with above-ground and underground structure (if any);

- Subway stations must be safely connected and synchronized with other underground structures and with above-ground structures;

- Structure protection range and urban railway safety corridor must conform to railway traffic laws.

2.9.4 Other traffic structures in urban areas

- In urban areas, residence-related units and compounds must install parking lots and parking spaces. In industrial parks and warehouses, install parking lots and service stations;

- Parking lots for goods transports must be situated close to markets, cargo stations, commercial and industrial centers and other structures requiring high transport load;

- Areas requiring high transport load, shopping malls, service, sports and recreational facilities must install public parking lots and parking spaces convenient for customers and vehicles which will be connected with road networks while staying within the maximum walking distance of 500 m;

- Bus parking spaces at both ends of a route shall be determined in terms of scale based on specific demand;

- Electric train depots shall be positioned at both ends of a route and any junction in-between and may be situated together with maintenance facilitates;

...

...

...

- May plan for underground and multistorey parking lots in available urban areas as long as compatible and safe connection with other structures is established;

- Estimated area of parking spaces for urban areas is specified under Schedule 2.18;

Schedule 2.18: Estimated area of parking spaces for urban areas is specified

Urban population scale (1000 people)

Population-based criteria (m²/person)

> 150

4,0

50 - 150

3,5

...

...

...

2,5

NOTE 1: May convert parking spaces of multi-storey parking lots and underground parking lots to equivalent aboveground parking area according to QCVN 13:2018/BXD as follows:

- Multi-storey parking lots, underground parking lots: single storey: 30 m²/parking space; 2 storey: 20 m²/parking space; 3 storey: 14 m²/parking space; 4 storey: 12 m²/parking space; 5 storey: 10 m²/parking space;

- Aboveground parking lot: 25 m²/parking space;

NOTE 2: Area of parking lots of in urban areas are determined based on allocation of land fund for parking lots from urban planning.

- Area of a parking space for following means of transportation is as follows: automobiles: 25 m²; motorcycles: 3 m²; bicycles: 0.9 m²; buses: 40 m²; trucks: 30 m². Number of minimum parking spaces for automobiles in a structure shall conform to technical regulations on that structure, if technical regulations on that structure are not available, conform to Schedule 2.19.

Schedule 2.19: Number of minimum parking spaces for automobiles

Type of structure

Minimum automobile demand

...

...

...

4 rooms/parking space

Luxury offices, head offices of diplomatic missions, conference centers, exhibitions, shopping malls

100 m² usable floor area/parking space

Apartment building

Conform to QCVN 04:2021/BXD

NOTE: Hotels below 3 stars, service structures, offices, and head offices of regular agencies shall have parking spots ≥ 50% of the values above.

2.9.5 Regulations on urban traffic safety

- When renovating and upgrading road surface, ensure conformance to planned ground elevation, do not cause inundation or affect water drainage structures of the areas and access to structures on either side of the roads;

- Regulations on visibility, pavements, walkways and cycle lanes shall conform to QCVN 07-4:2016/BXD.

...

...

...

2.10.1 Protected areas of water collection location and water supply structures

- Water source protection corridors must conform to regulations and law on water resources;

- Protected areas of water collection location and urban water supply structures are specified under Schedule 2.20.

Schedule 2.20: Protected areas of water collection location and water supply structures

Protected areas

Dimension of level I protected areas (m)

Dimension of level II protected areas (m)

Surface water sources, from water collection location:

...

...

...

- Against the current

≥ 200

≥ 1 000

- Along the current

≥ 100

≥ 250

- In case the current is unknown or unidentified

≥ 200

≥ 1 000

...

...

...

≥ 25

-

Specialized reservoirs and dams to provide domestic water, from the banks:

- Even banks

≥ 100

The entire area

- Slope banks

...

...

...

The entire area

Water plants, water supply stations, from bottom of the walls of treatment plants:

≥ 30

-

Water supply pipes, from outer edges of the pipes:

- Dimension 300 mm to < 1 000 mm

-

...

...

...

- Dimension ≥ 1 000 mm

-

≥ 15

NOTE 1: Within level I protected areas, do not: construct residential structures; discharge wastewater, solid waste; conduct husbandry, livestock or poultry herding, fishery, mineral extraction; employ toxic chemicals, organic fertilizers, and mineral fertilizers;

NOTE 2: Within level II protected areas, wastewater and refuse from daily activities, service, and commercial operations must be collected and treated to meet environmental regulations.

2.10.2 Water use demands

- Clean water for domestic use is forecasted according to data on conditions and level of convenience of urban areas and residential spots while guaranteeing: 100% of population of inner urban areas are provided with water in the long term of the planning; quantity of clean water supply for domestic activities in inner urban areas depends on type of urban areas but is at least 80 liters/person/24 hours; aim towards safe, efficient, and effective use of water;  

- Minimum clean water for service – public structures shall equal at least 10% of water for daily activities. Minimum quantity of clean water for each type of service - public structure must be guaranteed as follows: schools: 15 liters/student/24 hours; preschools: 75 liters/child/24 hours; other buildings, service - public structures: 2 liters/m² of floor area/24 hours;

- Water for watering trees and washing roads shall equal at least 8% of water for daily activities. Minimum water supply quantity shall be as follows: watering flower gardens and parks: 3 liters/m²/24 hours; washing roads: 0.4 liters/m²/24 hours. May use reusable water (treated rainwater, treated wastewater, etc.) to water trees and wash roads;

...

...

...

- Amount of water for centralized economic zones shall be determined based on the industry but must be no less than 20 m³/ha/24 hours for at least 60% of area of the economic zones;

- Maximum amount of spilled or leaked water must not exceed 15% of total amount of water above;

- Minimum amount of water for the water plants and water supply station shall equal 4% of amount of water above.

2.10.3 Water sources and water supply structures

- Minimum amount of water available for extraction of water sources (except for islands and high mountains) must be at least 10 times the water use demands. At least 95% of monthly or daily supply from the water sources must be guaranteed for urban areas with more than 50,000 people (or equivalent); 90% for urban areas with population ranging from 5,000 people to 50,000 people (or equivalent), and 85% for urban areas with population of less than 5,000 people (or equivalent);

- Selecting water sources must: Ensure water storage capacity, volume, and quality; ensure water source efficiency and satisfy basic needs regarding water usage;

- Area for construction of new water plants and water supply stations shall be determined based on capacity, treatment technology or calculated based on standards selected for application or identified based on figures under Schedule 2.21.

Schedule 2.21: Area of water plants and water supply stations

Capacity of water plants, water supply stations
(m³/24 hours)

...

...

...

≤ 5 000

0,5

> 5 000 - 10 000

1,0

> 10 000 - 30 000

2,0

> 30 000 - 60 000

3,0

> 60 000 - 120 000

...

...

...

> 120 000 - 250 000

5,0

> 250 000 - 400 000

7,0

> 400 000 - 800 000

9,0

> 800 000 - 1 200 000

13,0

> 1 200 000

...

...

...

2.10.4 Water supply networks

- Water supply networks must be guaranteed in terms of safety and credibility regarding water flow rate, pressure and quality according to use demand and firefighting water requirements;

- Minimum discharge rate in domestic water supply networks of residential areas in locations where water is introduced into a building must not be less than 10 m from ground level;

- Water quality must conform to QCVN 01-1:2018/BYT;

- In addition, structures within water supply networks must conform to QCVN 07-1:2016/BXD.

2.10.5 Firefighting water supply

- Scale and number of simultaneous fire must be calculated depending on the scale of urban areas as specified under QCVN 06:2020/BXD;

- Utilize lakes, ponds, and reservoirs to supply water for firefighting. Install paths to enable fire engines to collect water. Distance from ground level to water surface in water collection location must not exceed 4 m and distance from the water surface to the bottom of the water body must be ≥ 0.5 m;

- Regarding urban water supply network, install (aboveground or underground) fire hydrants along the streets while maintaining maximum 150 m between any 2 hydrants, minimum 5 m from a hydrant to a building, and maximum 2.5 m from a hydrant installed on pavement to the curb;

...

...

...

2.11 Requirements for water drainage and wastewater treatment

2.11.1 Amount of wastewater produced

- Amount of wastewater produced shall be estimated based on series of figures on conditions and level of convenience of urban areas and residential areas, or manufacturing technology in case of industrial facilities as long as amount wastewater produced must be ≥ 80% of amount of water supplied to the same entities;

- Amount of sludge produced shall be determined based on level of completion of on-spot sanitary structures or standards selected for application but must be ≥ 0.04 m³/person/year.

2.11.2 Water drainage networks

- Newly constructed areas must plan for separate wastewater drainage system. Areas installed with general water drainage networks must plan for semi-separate water drainage systems or separate water drainage systems;

- With respect to islands, plan for separate wastewater systems and treat wastewater thoroughly, wastewater can be reused for other purposes once treated to meet environmental requirements;

- In addition, structures within water discharge network must conform to QCVN 07-2:2016/BXD.

2.11.3 Wastewater treatment plants and wastewater treatment stations

...

...

...

- Location of wastewater treatment plants and newly planned wastewater treatment stations must be at the end of the current of receiving waters, at the end of primary wind direction of urban areas, and in areas with sufficient land for backup expansion. Wastewater discharge location must conform to regulations and law on managing water resources;

- In case wastewater treatment plans and wastewater treatment stations must be situated in headwaters or at the beginning of the prevailing wind of urban areas, environment separation distance under Schedule 2.22 must be multiplied by at least 1.5;

- Area of land for new construction of wastewater treatment plans and wastewater treatment stations must be identified based on treatment capacity, technology or calculated based on standards selected for application as long as the quota of 0.2 ha/1,000 m³/day is not exceeded.

NOTE: Criteria limiting area of wastewater treatment plants and wastewater treatment station do not include area of reservoirs, bodies of water for stabilizing post-treatment water, sludge drying yard, area for backup expansion (if any) and area for environment separation distance of the wastewater treatment plants and wastewater treatment stations.

2.11.4 Environment separation distance

- Environment separation distance of new wastewater pumping stations, wastewater treatment plans, and wastewater treatment stations is specified under Schedule 2.22;

Schedule 2.22: Environment separation distance

No.

Type of construction

...

...

...

< 200

 (m³/day)

200 - 5 000

 (m³/day)

> 5 000 – 50 000
(m³/day)

> 50 000
(m³/day)

1

Wastewater pumping stations

15

...

...

...

25

30

2

Wastewater treatment plants and stations

a

...

...

...

150

200

400

500

b

Sludge treatment structures utilizing mechanical equipment

100

150

300

...

...

...

c

Wastewater treatment structures utilizing mechanical, chemical, physical, and biological solutions

80

100

250

350

d

Wastewater treatment structures utilizing mechanical, chemical, physical, and biological solutions constructed in a closed loop manner with odor collection and treatment system

10

...

...

...

30

40

e

Land for underground filtering of wastewater

200

300

-

-

g

...

...

...

150

200

400

-

h

Biological lakes

200

300

400

...

...

...

i

Oxidation ditches

150

200

400

-

NOTE: In case figures and other treatment technologies are not prescribed, environment separation distance must be identified via environmental impact assessment.

- With respect to wastewater pumping stations utilizing submerged pumps in cofferdams, environment separation distance is not required as long as ventilation ducts to release odors at ≥ 3 m height from the ground according to approved planning for that location are installed;

- Install isolating trees around the new wastewater treatment plans and wastewater treatment stations at least ≥ 10 m in width;

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...

...

- Currently available wastewater pumping stations, wastewater treatment plans and wastewater treatment stations that fail to meet regulations on environment separation distance must conduct environmental impact assessment to adopt additional environmental hygiene measures as per the law.

2.12 Requirements for collection, transportation and treatment of solid wastes

2.12.1 Amount of solid wastes produced

Amount of solid wastes produced from daily activities shall be predicted based on series of figures on current conditions and level of convenience of urban areas and residence areas. In case of utilizing standards, do not exceed values under Schedule 2.23;

Schedule 2.23: Amount of solid wastes produced from daily activities

Type of urban area

Amount of solid wastes produced (kg/person/day)

Special, I

1.3

...

...

...

1.0

III,IV

0.9

V

0.8

- Amount of industrial solid wastes produced shall be determined based on technology line of each industry as long as a minimum of 0.3 tonne/ha of land based on the scale of industrial parks is guaranteed;

- Amount of medical and construction solid wastes and sewage sludge shall be estimated based on series of figures on current conditions of waste production or projects and urban areas with similar conditions.

2.12.2 Transfer station of domestic solid wastes

- Non-fixed transfer stations for domestic solid wastes must ensure their up-time does not exceed 45 minutes/shift and 3 hours/day. Situation of non-fixed transfer stations for domestic solid wastes must ensure that their operations do not affect traffic and environment in the area;

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...

...

- Type and scale of transfer stations for domestic solid waste are specified under Schedule 2.24.

Schedule 2.24: Type and scale of transfer stations for domestic solid wastes

Type and scale of transfer stations

Capacity (tonne/24 hours)

Maximum service radius (km)

Minimum area (m²)

Non-fixed transfer stations

Small

< 5

...

...

...

20

Medium

5 - 10

1,0

35

Large

> 10

7,0

50

...

...

...

Small

< 100

10

500

Medium

100 - 500

15

3 000

Large

...

...

...

30

5 000

2.12.3 Solid waste treatment facilities

- Solid waste treatment facilities must be planned to be situated outside of urban areas. Restrict planning for solid waste treatment facilities in regularly flooded areas, karst, and areas with tectonic fractures; Do not plan for unhygienic burial grounds for solid wastes;

- Current unhygienic solid waste landfills must be closed, relocated, or upgraded into hygienic solid waste landfills, solid waste treatment facilities utilizing biological methods, solid waste incineration facilities, etc. if environment separation distance under Section 2.12.4 is guaranteed;

- Area of land for new construction of solid waste treatment facilities must be identified based on treatment capacity, technology or calculated based on standards selected for application as long as the quota of 0.05 ha/1,000 tonne/year is not exceeded.

NOTE: Criteria limiting area of land for construction of solid waste treatment facilities do not include landfills for post-treatment wastes, area of land for potential expansion (if any) and environment separation distance of the solid waste treatment facilities.

2.12.4 Environment separation distance of transfer stations for solid wastes and solid waste treatment facilities

- Non-fixed transfer stations for solid wastes must be situated at least 20 m away from residential structures and regularly crowded areas;

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...

...

- Hygienic solid waste landfills that include organic solid wastes must ensure a minimum environment separation distance of 1,000 m;

- Solid waste landfills for inorganic solid wastes must ensure a minimum environment separation distance of 100 m;

- Buildings, structures containing biological solid waste treatment lines and buildings, structures containing solid waste incineration facilities must ensure a minimum environment separation distance of 500 m;

- Environment separation distance of hazardous solid waste and sewage sludge treatment facilities shall be determined based on environment impact assessment but must be at least equal to the values applied to regular solid waste treatment facilities; In case sewage sludge is treated in wastewater treatment stations, apply regulations on wastewater treatment stations simultaneously;

- Install trees around newly planned transfer stations for solid wastes with at least 10 m in width and around newly planned solid waste treatment facilities with at least 20 m in width;

- When solid waste treatment facilities must be placed at headwaters or at the front of prevailing wind of urban areas, environment separation distance of structures must be multiplied by at least 1.5;

- Provinces and central-affiliated cities with high population density must plan for provincial solid waste treatment facilities and adopt treatment technologies requiring low separation distance. If environment separation distance is still not guaranteed, may adopt advanced environmental remediation measures to reduce environment separation distance where environment separation distance of provincial solid waste treatment facilities is identified via environment impact assessment instrument;

- Currently available transfer stations for solid wastes and solid waste treatment facilities that fail to comply with regulations above must conduct environmental impact assessment to adopt additional environmental hygiene measures as per the law when complying with regulations on environment separation distance;

- Within environment separation distance of treatment facilities affiliated to fixed transfer stations for solid wastes, solid waste treatment facilities may only plan for traffic, irrigation structures, electricity stations, power lines, water drainage plants, wastewater treatment plants and other structures affiliated to fixed transfer stations for solid wastes and solid waste treatment facilities and do not situate other civil structures.

...

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...

2.13.1 Funeral parlors

- Each urban area must have at least 1 funeral parlor. Each funeral parlor shall serve up to 250 000 inhabitants;

- Planning for location of funeral parlor must not affect operation of other functional areas and traffic activities; Funeral parlors must adopt soundproofing measures satisfactory to regulations on noises in public areas and residence areas;

- Area of a funeral parlor shall be determined based on local funeral procedures and customs as long as a minimum of 4 funerals/day must be served.

2.13.2 Cemeteries and crematoriums

- Land demand for cemeteries (excluding martyr cemeteries) and scale of crematoriums shall be predicted based on mortality rate and methods of final disposition. Scale and area of concentrated cemeteries must ensure a minimum of 0.04 ha/1 000 inhabitants;

- Planning for location of new cemeteries and crematoriums must not negatively affect operation of other functional areas and traffic activities; Planning for cemeteries must take into account local final disposition customs and traditions as long as environmental, effective, and economical land use requirements are guaranteed;

- Planning for cemeteries must be able to identify current cemeteries that need to be resettled, closed or upgraded as well as the land fund for resettlement. Currently available cemeteries and crematoriums that fail to regulations above must conduct environmental impact assessment to adopt additional environmental hygiene measures as per the law when complying with regulations on environment separation distance;

- Environment separation distance of new cemeteries and crematoriums must conform to Schedule 2.25 and regulations on protected areas for water collection location and water supply structures under 2.10.1 simultaneously;

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...

...

- Install trees around new cemeteries and crematoriums with a minimum width of 10 m;

- Within environment separation distance of structures affiliated to cemeteries and crematoriums may implement agricultural and forestry activities, plan for traffic and irrigation structures, power, fuel, gas supply and transmission structures, water drainage systems, wastewater treatment systems and other structures affiliated to the cemeteries and crematoriums, do not situate other civil structures;

- In addition, cemeteries and crematoriums must conform to QCVN 07-10:2016/BXD.

Schedule 2.25: Environment separation distance of cemeteries

Location to be isolated

Minimum distance from location to be isolated

Graveyard for primary burials

Graveyards for single burials

Graveyard for secondary burials

...

...

...

Residential structures in urban areas and concentrated rural residence areas

1 000 m

500 m

100 m

500 m

Water collection location serving daily activities of urban areas and concentrated rural residence areas

1 500 m

1 000 m

-

...

...

...

Railway, national highway, provincial highway

200 m

200 m

200 m

-

Rivers and lakes (including those not for daily activities)

300 m

300 m

100 m

...

...

...

NOTE 1: Burial grounds must install water collection systems to collect water seeping through graveyards and overflown rainwater for treatment and to prevent them from directly seep into groundwater or flow to water surface outside of cemeteries.

NOTE 2: Incineration technology must satisfy environment requirements under QCVN 02:2012/BTNMT.

2.14 Requirements for power supply

2.14.1 Power supply quotas

- Minimum quotas for civil power supply are specified under Schedule 2.26, Schedule 2.27, and Schedule 2.28;

- Minimum quota for industrial power supply is specified under Schedule 2.29.

Schedule 2.26: Power supply for domestic purposes (by person)

Quota

Initial term

...

...

...

Special urban areas

Type I urban areas

Type II - III urban areas

Type IV - V urban areas

Special urban areas

Type I urban areas

Type II - III urban areas

Type IV - V urban areas

1. Power (KWh/person/year)

...

...

...

1 100

750

400

2 400

2 100

1 500

1000

2. Load (W/person)

500

...

...

...

300

200

800

700

500

330

Schedule 2.27: Power supply for public and service structures (by percentage)

Type of urban area

Special urban areas

...

...

...

Type II - III urban areas

Type IV - V urban areas

Power for public structures (based on percentage of power load for domestic purposes)

50

40

35

30

Schedule 2.28: Power supply for public and service structures

Structures

...

...

...

1. Office

- Without air conditioners

- With air conditioners

20 W/m² of floor area

30 W/m² of floor area

2. School

- Kindergarten

+ Without air conditioners

...

...

...

- School

+ Without air conditioners

+ With air conditioners

- Higher education institutions

+ Without air conditioners

+ With air conditioners

0.15 kW/child

...

...

...

0.1 kW/student

0.15 kW/student

15 W/m² of floor area

25 W/m2 of floor area

3. Stores, supermarkets, markets, shopping malls, and service centers

+ Without air conditioners

+ With air conditioners

...

...

...

20 W/m² of floor area

30 W/m² of floor area

4. Motels and hotels

- 1-star motels and hotels

- 2 – 3-star hotels

- 4 – 5-star hotels

2 kW/bed

2.5 kW/bed

...

...

...

5. Medical treatment and examination facilities

- National hospitals

- Hospitals of provinces, cities

- District hospitals

2.5 kW/patient bed

2 kW/patient bed

1.5 kW/patient bed

6. Theaters, cinemas, and circuses

...

...

...

25 W/m²

7. Public lighting structures

- Street lighting structures

- Park and flower garden lighting structures

1 W/m²

0.5 W/m²

NOTE 1: Other public – service structures may propose quotas based on level of convenience and socio-economic facts;

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Schedule 2.29: Power supply for industrial facilities and warehouses

Industrial purposes

Quota (kW/ha)

1. Heavy industry (cast iron casting, steel casting, automobile manufacture, milling machine manufacturing, petroleum, chemical and fertilizer industries) cement production

350

2. Other construction material industries, mechanical engineering

250

3. Food processing industry, electrical and computer component industry, and textile industry

200

...

...

...

160

5. Small indusial complexes and small industries

140

6. Handicraft facilities

120

7. Warehouses

50

2.14.2 Power supply systems

- Planning must meet use demands and reliability regarding power supply;

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...

- Within inner sections of urban areas, new low voltage and lighting power lines must be planned to travel underground, current low voltage and lighting power lines must be renovated in order to travel underground;

- In addition, power supply structures must conform to QCVN 07-5:2016/BXD.

2.14.3 Land fund for structure allocation

- For a 110 kV station, do not exceed 1 ha/station;

- For a 220 kV station, do not exceed 5 ha/station.

2.15 Requirements for underground technical infrastructures

Minimum distance between urban underground technical infrastructures that are not situated within utility tunnels or trenches shall be determined based on specialized technical standards selected for application. Other cases shall conform to Schedule 2.30;

Schedule 2.30: Minimum distance between urban underground technical infrastructures that are not situated within utility tunnels or trenches (m)

Type of pipeline

...

...

...

Wastewater drainage pipeline

Rainwater drainage pipeline

Electrical cables

Communication cables

Water drainage channels, utility tunnels and trenches

Horizontal distance

Water supply pipeline

0.5

1.0

...

...

...

0.5

0.5

1.5

Wastewater drainage pipeline

1

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.5

...

...

...

Rainwater drainage pipeline

0.5

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.5

1.0

Electrical cables

0.5

...

...

...

0.5

0.1

0.5

2.0

Communication cables

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

...

...

...

1.0

Water drainage channels, utility tunnels and trenches

1.5

1.0

1.0

2.0

1

-

Vertical distance

...

...

...

-

1.0

0.5

0.5

0.5

-

Wastewater drainage pipeline

1.0

-

...

...

...

0.5

0.5

-

Rainwater drainage pipeline

0.5

0.4

-

0.5

0.5

...

...

...

Electrical cables

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.1

0.5

-

Communication cables

0.5

...

...

...

0.5

0.5

-

-

- In case a water supply pipeline for domestic purposes is parallel to a wastewater drainage pipeline, distance between the 2 pipelines must not be less than 1.5 m or not be less than 3 m if diameter of the water supply pipeline is at least 200 mm;

- Distance between water supply pipelines with diameter greater than 300 mm and communication cables must not be less than 1 m;

- Distance between 2 parallel water supply pipes must not be less than 0.7 m when diameter of a pipe is less than 400 mm; not be less than 1 m when diameter of a pipe ranges from 400 mm to 1 000 mm; not be less than 1.5 m when diameter of a pipe is above 1 000 mm. Distance between pipelines with different pressures is treated as distance between water supply pipelines;

- Minimum distance between technical wires and pipelines are situated within utility tunnels or trenches shall be determined based on specialized technical standards selected and applied;

- Distance and requirements for spatial and technical infrastructure connection between underground structures must be based on techno-economic assessment;

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2.16 Requirements for construction planning in rural areas

2.16.1 Regulations for plot for construction

- Guarantee natural conditions (terrain, geology, hydrography, climate, etc.) and advantageous in terms of economy, society, technical infrastructure and environment;

- Requirements for preventing natural disasters and adapting to climate change: do not build in areas with potential of dangerous geological accidents, areas regularly suffering from flood, inundation, flash floods; in case of the Mekong Delta region, coastal areas and estuary areas, take into account the risen sea level;

- Not within areas determined for mine extraction, natural preservation or archeological sites; untreated environmental pollution sites;

- Restrict the use of farmland, especially high yield farmland, utilize hills, mountains and land with poor yield to construct and expand rural residence areas.

2.16.2 Regulations on land use quotas

Construction land for rural residence areas must meet specific local conditions must not be smaller than values specified under Schedule 2.31.

Schedule 2.31: Minimum land use quota in rural residence areas

...

...

...

Land use quota (m²/person)

Land for residential structures

25

Land for service and public structures

5

Land for traffic and technical infrastructures

5

Public trees

2

...

...

...

2.16.3 Functional areas of communes

- Residence areas (consisting of plot for family residence and auxiliary structures in communes and hamlets);

- Central areas (administration, service – commerce, culture – sports);

- Manufacturing structures and manufacture auxiliary structures;

- Technical infrastructures;

- Social infrastructures;

- Industrial clusters and small handicrafts (if any);

- Areas for agricultural, forestry, fishery manufacturing, and other purposes.

2.16.4 Requirements for functional areas

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...

...

- Convenient for traffic, manufacture and daily activities;

- Protect the environment; prevent natural disasters and adapt to climate change;

- Utilize natural terrain and scenery;

- Suit cultural characteristics of each region;

- Suit specific local conditions in terms of residence customs, manufacturing customs and economic development level and capacity, etc.

2.16.5 Regulations on residence areas

2.16.5.1 Land for construction of residence areas must:

- Inherit current distribution of population and match planning for population distribution of the larger and related areas;

- Develop a certain amount of population according to the estimation which is convenient for essential public structures;

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2.16.5.2 Basic functions for a household plot include:

- Primary residential structures;

- Auxiliary structures;

- Yards, gardens, ponds.

2.16.5.3 Requirements for household plot